Page 191 - 捷運技術 第46期

捷運技術半年刊 第46期 185

捷運建設財源籌措引用TIF(Tax Increment Financing)

制度之探討

1
賴宗裕 蘇偉強 2

摘要

透過大眾運輸導向（transit-oriented development, TOD）之規劃，可引導各種活動有秩序
地分布於捷運路線廊道，降低都市不當向外擴張之型態。然而，捷運建設需要籌措大量的建
設資金，地方政府多面臨財政困境，對於TOD之落實有資金不足之限制。因此，考量捷運建
設有助於車站周邊經濟繁榮，進而擴張稅基，間接增加地方稅收，若將該收益納為地方自償

性財源，似有助於財務之積極運用，此與國外稅收增額融資（tax increment financing, TIF）
之概念不謀而合。TIF係地方政府將未來經濟發展所預估增加的稅收，作為現在借款擔保，
先行籌措建設專款專用財源，藉以達到地區發展之公共目的。然而，雖TIF在美國行之有
年，但對國內而言，卻屬嶄新的財務工具，基於兩者發展背景、社經制度、行政立法等有所
差異的情況下，本文針對捷運建設引用TIF籌措財源的運作模式各個面向進行探討，以供未
來政策執行之參考。

關鍵詞：大眾運輸導向、自償性財源、稅收增額融資、專款專用

A Study of the Application of Tax Increment Financing Scheme to

MRT Construction Funding

1
Tsung-Yu Lai Wei-Chiang Su 2
Abstract

Through well-organized transit-oriented development (TOD) policy, the government can
guide orderly development along MRT routes and effectively diminish urban sprawl. However, in
addition to the huge amount of funding required for MRT construction, local governments confront
fiscal difficulties when implementing TOD policy. Therefore, the central government recently
developed the Tax Increment Financing system to capture the appreciation of land value and to

increase taxation sources so as to cover a portion of the construction expenses. TIF is a financial
tool that allocates future tax increments from a designated area to pay off capital bonds for public
improvements within a TOD district. Although TIF has been a popular financial tool in the United
States for some years it is a new system in Taiwan. This paper discusses the mechanism of applying
TIF to MRT funding in Taiwan and then gives some of the policy implications of its findings as a

reference for establishing a future system for the MRT project.
Keywords: transit-oriented development (TOD), self-liquidating capital cost, tax increment
financing (TIF), tax earmarking

1 國立政治大學地政學系教授 tylai@nccu.edu.tw
2 國立政治大學地政學系博士生 97257007@nccu.edu.tw