Page 168 - 捷運技術 第35期

160 KIN LING LEE An Advanced Command, Control And Communication (C3) Solution For Transit Systems

3、Transit Operation Model

A typical rapid transit railway 24/7 operation can be illustrated below:

Situation Management

Operation

Normal Operation

Incident Management

Emergency Management
Train Train Maintenance
Launching Withdrawal
Management
System Revenue Service Service Maintenance
Startup Shutdown Time
5 AM 6 AM 11.30 PM 1 AM 5 AM

Typical Railway Operational Model
Generally, over the 24/7 period, the railway operation goes through various phases; from line
start-up, train launching, revenue service, train withdrawal, to maintenance management. Each of
these phases requires specific operating procedures and supporting systems/applications to ensure a
safe and efficient outcome.
In particular, the control operator will need to react promptly, effectively and accurately to
various operational situations（incidents or emergencies）to minimise adverse impact on service
availability and inconvenience to commuters. These incidents could be any situation ranging from
equipment failures, ‘brown-outs’, ‘track intrusion’, to ‘train on fire’ situations.

In a well-designed and managed railway system, the frequency of such situations is normally
low, and regular simulated drills are conducted to familiarize operators managing them. Drills
generally are unable replicate all the possible scenarios, and the tense control room environment
during such situations. The possibility of catastrophic human failures in managing such situation
could not be ruled out.

Operation-enabled advanced control systems are required to meet these challenges. New tools
have to be developed to provide operation-assistance to the operator, in addition to its basic
supervisory functions.

The advanced integrated C3 solution proposed here is designed with these operational needs
taken into consideration, particularly in emergency situation management. A situation management
tool is developed to allow the railway operator to configure pre-defined situation management
scenarios unique to its operation as a real-time operational aid. As mentioned above, with this
integrated C3 concept, it is possible to design complex cross-functional business processes between
interconnected systems to handle a broad range of situations in a consistent and controlled manner.
This is especially useful in handling situations that are non-routine in nature and very infrequent.
Traditional ‘silos-like’ control system would not be sufficient in this respect.

The OASYS C3 Solution is designed to support the following situations：